Educational Articles -
References
How tracking speeds up your recovery
- Duncan, Barry. Using Formal Client Feedback to Improve Retention and Outcome: Making Ongoing, Real-Time Assessment Feasible (Journal of Brief Therapy, Vol. 5, No. 1, 2006).
- Westby MD, Klemm A, Li LC, Jones CA. Emerging role of quality indicators in physical therapist practice and health service delivery. Phys Ther. 2016;96:90–100.
Last Reviewed:
March 26, 2025
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Last Updated:
April 29, 2025
Level
Type of evidence
I
Large RCTs with clear cut results
II
Small RCTs with unclear results
III
Cohort and case-control studies
IV
Historical cohort or case-control studies
V
Case series, studies with no controls
Level of Evidence:
Golfer’s Elbow
- Cologne, Germany: Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG); 2006-. Golfer's elbow: Learn More – The treatment options for golfer’s elbow. [Updated 2022 Jul 15].
- McHardy, A.J., Pollard, H.P. Golf and upper limb injuries: a summary and review of the literature . Chiropr Man Therap 13, 7 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-1340-13-7
- Konarski W, Poboży T, Poboży K, Domańska J, Konarska K. Current concepts of natural course and in management of medial epicondylitis: a clinical overview. Orthopedic Reviews. 2023;15. doi:10.52965/001c.84275
Last Reviewed:
December 19, 2024
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Last Updated:
April 29, 2025
Level
Type of evidence
I
Large RCTs with clear cut results
II
Small RCTs with unclear results
III
Cohort and case-control studies
IV
Historical cohort or case-control studies
V
Case series, studies with no controls
Level of Evidence:
Collateral knee ligament injuries
- Lundblad, M., Hägglund, M., Thomeé, C. et al. Medial collateral ligament injuries of the knee in male professional football players: a prospective three-season study of 130 cases from the UEFA Elite Club Injury Study. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 27, 3692–3698 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-019-05491-6
- Jasmine Svantesson, Ramana Piussi, Elin Weissglas, Eleonor Svantesson, Alexandra Horvath, Erik Börjesson, Andy Williams, Robert Prill, Kristian Samuelsson, Eric Hamrin Senorski - Shedding light on the non-operative treatment of the forgotten side of the knee: rehabilitation of medial collateral ligament injuries—a systematic review: BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 2024;10:e001750.
- Vosoughi F, Rezaei Dogahe R, Nuri A, Ayati Firoozabadi M, Mortazavi J. Medial Collateral Ligament Injury of the Knee: A Review on Current Concept and Management. Arch Bone Jt Surg. 2021 May;9(3):255-262. doi: 10.22038/abjs.2021.48458.2401. PMID: 34239952; PMCID: PMC8221433.
- Luxenburg D, Destine H, Rizzo MG, Constantinescu D, Ghali M, Kaplan LD, Baraga MG. The 50 Most Cited Articles in Knee Medial Collateral Ligament Injury Research. Orthop J Sports Med. 2022 Sep 29;10(9):23259671221124575. doi: 10.1177/23259671221124575. PMID: 36199831; PMCID: PMC9528047.
Last Reviewed:
December 19, 2024
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Last Updated:
April 29, 2025
Level
Type of evidence
I
Large RCTs with clear cut results
II
Small RCTs with unclear results
III
Cohort and case-control studies
IV
Historical cohort or case-control studies
V
Case series, studies with no controls
Level of Evidence:
Calf strain
- Maffulli N, Del Buono A, Oliva F, Giai Via A, Frizziero A, Barazzuol M, Brancaccio P, Freschi M, Galletti S, Lisitano G, Melegati G, Nanni G, Pasta G, Ramponi C, Rizzo D, Testa V, Valent A. Muscle Injuries: A Brief Guide to Classification and Management. Transl Med UniSa. 2014 Sep 1;12:14-8. PMID: 26535183; PMCID: PMC4592039.
- Hsu D, Chang KV. Gastrocnemius Strain. [Updated 2023 Aug 14]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534766/
- Green B, Pizzari T. Calf muscle strain injuries in sport: a systematic review of risk factors for injury. British Journal of Sports Medicine 2017;51:1189-1194.
- Green, B., McClelland, J.A., Semciw, A.I. et al. The Assessment, Management and Prevention of Calf Muscle Strain Injuries: A Qualitative Study of the Practices and Perspectives of 20 Expert Sports Clinicians. Sports Med - Open8, 10 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-021-00364-0
Last Reviewed:
December 16, 2024
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Last Updated:
April 29, 2025
Level
Type of evidence
I
Large RCTs with clear cut results
II
Small RCTs with unclear results
III
Cohort and case-control studies
IV
Historical cohort or case-control studies
V
Case series, studies with no controls
Level of Evidence:
