Educational Articles -
References
Concussion - Cognitive fatigue
- Rabinowitz AR, Levin HS. Cognitive and Neurobehavioral Outcomes Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. 2014
- Theadom A, Cropley M, Parmar P, Barker-Collo S, Starkey N, Jones K, Feigin V. Fatigue and Sleep Disorders in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. 2016
- Ziino C, Ponsford J. Cognitive Fatigue in Individuals With Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury. 2005
Last Reviewed:
July 16, 2024
|
Last Updated:
September 19, 2025
Level
Type of evidence
I
Large RCTs with clear cut results
II
Small RCTs with unclear results
III
Cohort and case-control studies
IV
Historical cohort or case-control studies
V
Case series, studies with no controls
Level of Evidence:
5 tips before your total hip replacement operation
- NHS. Hip Replacement. NHS. Last reviewed December 23, 2019. Accessed [8th of March 2024]. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hip-replacement/
- National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Joint replacement (primary): hip, knee and shoulder. NICE guideline [NG157]. Published June 4, 2020. Accessed [8th of March 2024]. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng157
- Liljensøe A, Laursen JO, Bliddal H, Søballe K, Mechlenburg I. Weight Loss Intervention Before Total Knee Replacement: A 12-Month Randomized Controlled Trial. Scand J Surg. 2021;110(1):3-12. doi:10.1177/1457496919883812
- Fenske, F., Kujat, B., Krause, L. et al. Preoperative dental screening can reduce periprosthetic infections of hip and knee endoprostheses in the first month after surgery: results of a cohort study. Infection (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s15010-023-02128-2
- Soffin EM, YaDeau JT. Enhanced recovery after surgery for primary hip and knee arthroplasty: a review of the evidence. Br J Anaesth. 2016;117(suppl 3):iii62-iii72. doi:10.1093/bja/aew362
- Dowsey MM, Choong PF. Obesity is a major risk factor for prosthetic infection after primary hip arthroplasty. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2008;466(1):153-158. doi:10.1007/s11999-007-0016-3
- Aggarwal A, Adie S, Harris IA, Naylor J. Cryotherapy following total knee replacement. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2023, Issue 9. Art. No.: CD007911. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007911.pub3.
Last Reviewed:
March 13, 2024
|
Last Updated:
September 19, 2025
Level
Type of evidence
I
Large RCTs with clear cut results
II
Small RCTs with unclear results
III
Cohort and case-control studies
IV
Historical cohort or case-control studies
V
Case series, studies with no controls
Level of Evidence:
Calf strain
- Maffulli N, Del Buono A, Oliva F, Giai Via A, Frizziero A, Barazzuol M, Brancaccio P, Freschi M, Galletti S, Lisitano G, Melegati G, Nanni G, Pasta G, Ramponi C, Rizzo D, Testa V, Valent A. Muscle Injuries: A Brief Guide to Classification and Management. Transl Med UniSa. 2014 Sep 1;12:14-8. PMID: 26535183; PMCID: PMC4592039.
- Hsu D, Chang KV. Gastrocnemius Strain. [Updated 2023 Aug 14]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534766/
- Green B, Pizzari T. Calf muscle strain injuries in sport: a systematic review of risk factors for injury. British Journal of Sports Medicine 2017;51:1189-1194.
- Green, B., McClelland, J.A., Semciw, A.I. et al. The Assessment, Management and Prevention of Calf Muscle Strain Injuries: A Qualitative Study of the Practices and Perspectives of 20 Expert Sports Clinicians. Sports Med - Open8, 10 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-021-00364-0
Last Reviewed:
December 16, 2024
|
Last Updated:
September 19, 2025
Level
Type of evidence
I
Large RCTs with clear cut results
II
Small RCTs with unclear results
III
Cohort and case-control studies
IV
Historical cohort or case-control studies
V
Case series, studies with no controls
Level of Evidence:
Activity pacing
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Chronic Pain. Therapist Manual. Jennifer L. Murphy, Ph.D. & John D. McKellar, Ph.D. • Susan D. Raffa, Ph.D. • Michael E. Clark, Ph.D. Robert D. Kerns, Ph.D. • Bradley E. Karlin, Ph.D.
- Muratori LM, Lamberg EM, Quinn L, Duff SV. Applying principles of motor learning and control to upper extremity rehabilitation. J Hand Ther. 2013 Apr-Jun;26(2):94-102; quiz 103. doi: 10.1016/j.jht.2012.12.007. PMID: 23598082; PMCID: PMC3773509.
- Activity pacing: moving beyond taking breaks and slowing down Deborah Antcliff, Philip Keeley, Malcolm Campbell, Steve Woby, Anne‐Maree Keenan, Linda McGowan. Quality of Life Research (2018) 27:1933–1935 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-018-1794-7
Last Reviewed:
December 19, 2024
|
Last Updated:
September 19, 2025
Level
Type of evidence
I
Large RCTs with clear cut results
II
Small RCTs with unclear results
III
Cohort and case-control studies
IV
Historical cohort or case-control studies
V
Case series, studies with no controls
Level of Evidence:
