Educational Articles -
References
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Lateral elbow pain - Understanding lateral elbow tendinopathy
- Buchanan BK, Varacallo M. Lateral Epicondylitis (Tennis Elbow). In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; August 4, 2023.
- Landesa-Piñeiro L, Leirós-Rodríguez R. Physiotherapy treatment of lateral epicondylitis: A systematic review. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2022;35(3):463-477. doi:10.3233/BMR-210053
- Bisset LM, Vicenzino B. Physiotherapy management of lateral epicondylalgia. J Physiother. 2015;61(4):174-181. doi:10.1016/j.jphys.2015.07.015
- Lucado AM, Day JM, Vincent JI, et al. Lateral Elbow Pain and Muscle Function Impairments. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2022;52(12):CPG1-CPG111. doi:10.2519/jospt.2022.0302
- Overview, Tennis elbow. NHS. 2020. Accessed: 18th of Jan 2024, Available: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/tennis-elbow/
- Johns N, Shridhar V. Lateral epicondylitis: Current concepts. Aust J Gen Pract. 2020;49(11):707-709. doi:10.31128/AJGP-07-20-5519
- Hand and Forearm Overuse Disorders. Current Care Guidelines. Working group set up by the Finnish Medical Society Duodecim and the Finnish Cardiac Society. Helsinki: The Finnish Medical Society Duodecim, 2022 (referred Jan 18th, 2024). Available online at: www.kaypahoito.fi (In Finnish)
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Last Reviewed:
January 24, 2024
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Last Updated:
September 19, 2025
Level
Type of evidence
I
Large RCTs with clear cut results
II
Small RCTs with unclear results
III
Cohort and case-control studies
IV
Historical cohort or case-control studies
V
Case series, studies with no controls
Level of Evidence:
Lateral ankle sprain
- Bleakley CM, Glasgow P, MacAuley DC. PRICE needs updating, should we call the POLICE?. Br J Sports Med. 2012;46(4):220-221. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2011-090297
- Doherty C, Bleakley C, Delahunt E, Holden S. Treatment and prevention of acute and recurrent ankle sprain: an overview of systematic reviews with meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med. 2017;51(2):113-125. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2016-096178
- Ruiz-Sánchez FJ, Ruiz-Muñoz M, Martín-Martín J, et al. Management and treatment of ankle sprain according to clinical practice guidelines: A PRISMA systematic review. Medicine (Baltimore). 2022;101(42):e31087. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000031087
- Vuurberg G, Hoorntje A, Wink LM, et al. Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of ankle sprains: update of an evidence-based clinical guideline. Br J Sports Med. 2018;52(15):956. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2017-098106
- KNGF – Guideline. Acute ankle sprain – Practice guidelines. Supplement to the Dutch Journal of Physical Therapy KNGF-Guideline for Physical Therapy in patients with acute ankle sprain. Volume 116 / Issue 5 / 2006. Available: https://www.kngf.nl/binaries/content/assets/kennisplatform/onbeveiligd/guidelines/acute_ankle_sprain_practice_guidelines_2006.pdf
- D'Hooghe P, Cruz F, Alkhelaifi K. Return to Play After a Lateral Ligament Ankle Sprain. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2020;13(3):281-288. doi:10.1007/s12178-020-09631-1
- Stiell IG, Greenberg GH, McKnight RD, et al. Decision rules for the use of radiography in acute ankle injuries. Refinement and prospective validation. JAMA. 1993;269(9):1127-1132. doi:10.1001/jama.269.9.1127
- Bellows R, Wong CK. The Effect Of Bracing And Balance Training On Ankle Sprain Incidence Among Athletes: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2018;13(3):379-388.
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Last Reviewed:
January 11, 2024
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Last Updated:
September 19, 2025
Level
Type of evidence
I
Large RCTs with clear cut results
II
Small RCTs with unclear results
III
Cohort and case-control studies
IV
Historical cohort or case-control studies
V
Case series, studies with no controls
Level of Evidence:
Meniscal tear
- Cong T, Reddy RP, Hall AJ, Ernazarov A, Gladstone J. Current Practices for Rehabilitation After Meniscus Repair: A Survey of Members of the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine. 2024;12(2). doi:10.1177/23259671231226134.
- Surgery versus Physical Therapy for a Meniscal Tear and Osteoarthritis - Jeffrey N. Katz, M.D., Robert H. Brophy, M.D., Christine E. Chaisson, M.P.H., Leigh de Chaves, P.T., O.C.S., Brian J. Cole, M.D., M.B.A., Diane L. Dahm, M.D., Laurel A. Donnell-Fink, M.P.H., +21, and Elena Losina, Ph.D.Author Info & Affiliations
- Risk Factors for Meniscal Tears: A Systematic Review Including Meta-analysis. Barbara A.M. Snoeker, MSc1, Eric W.P. Bakker, PhD1, Cornelia A.T. Kegel, PhD2, Cees Lucas, PhD1. **Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. Published Online:June 1, 2013. Volume 43, Issue 6 (Pages 352-367) https://www.jospt.org/doi/10.2519/jospt.2013.4295**
- Bhan K. Meniscal Tears: Current Understanding, Diagnosis, and Management. Cureus. 2020 Jun 13;12(6):e8590. doi: 10.7759/cureus.8590. PMID: 32676231; PMCID: PMC7359983.
- Damodar D, Plotsker E, Greif D, Rizzo MG, Baraga MG, Kaplan LD. The 50 Most Cited Articles in Meniscal Injury Research. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine. 2021;9(4). doi:10.1177/2325967121994909
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Last Reviewed:
December 16, 2024
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Last Updated:
September 19, 2025
Level
Type of evidence
I
Large RCTs with clear cut results
II
Small RCTs with unclear results
III
Cohort and case-control studies
IV
Historical cohort or case-control studies
V
Case series, studies with no controls
Level of Evidence:
Management of energy levels after COVID-19
- P. Stavem, J. Ghanima, K. Olsen, M. Gilboe, and H. Einvik. "Post-COVID-19 syndrome: the persistent symptoms at 6 and 12 months" 2021.
- M. Taylor, S. Elhassan, A. Fitzsimons, D. Barber, and K. McCarthy. "Managing long COVID fatigue: Insights from a study of patients' experiences" 2021.
- S. Shepherd and B. Shepherd. "Post-viral fatigue syndrome: a review" 2020.
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Last Reviewed:
July 16, 2024
|
Last Updated:
September 19, 2025
Level
Type of evidence
I
Large RCTs with clear cut results
II
Small RCTs with unclear results
III
Cohort and case-control studies
IV
Historical cohort or case-control studies
V
Case series, studies with no controls
Level of Evidence:
