Educational Articles -
References
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Plantar fasciopathy
- Siriphorn A, Eksakulkla S. Calf stretching and plantar fascia-specific stretching for plantar fasciitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2020;24(4):222-232. doi:10.1016/j.jbmt.2020.06.013
- Huffer D, Hing W, Newton R, Clair M. Strength training for plantar fasciitis and the intrinsic foot musculature: A systematic review. Phys Ther Sport. 2017;24:44-52. doi:10.1016/j.ptsp.2016.08.008
- Morrissey D, Cotchett M, J'Bari AS, et al. Management of plantar heel pain: a best practice guide informed by a systematic review, expert clinical reasoning and patient values. Br J Sports Med. 2021;55(19):1106-1118. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2019-101970
- Hawke F, Burns J, Radford JA, du Toit V. Custom‐made foot orthoses for the treatment of foot pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008;(16 July). doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006801.pub2
- Riel H, Vicenzino B, Olesen JL, Jensen MB, Ehlers LH, Rathleff MS. Does a corticosteroid injection plus exercise or exercise alone add to the effect of patient advice and a heel cup for patients with plantar fasciopathy? A randomised clinical trial. Br J Sports Med. 2023;57(18):1180-1186. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2023-106948
- Rhim HC, Kwon J, Park J, Borg-Stein J, Tenforde AS. A Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews on the Epidemiology, Evaluation, and Treatment of Plantar Fasciitis. Life. 2021;11(12):1287. doi:10.3390/life11121287
- Hamstra-Wright KL, Huxel Bliven KC, Aydemir B. Risk Factors for Plantar Fasciitis in Physically Active Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. AOSSM. 2021;13(3). doi:10.1177/1941738120970976
- Latt LD, Jaffe DE, Taljanovic MS. Evaluation and Treatment of Chronic Plantar Fasciitis. Foot Ankle Orthop. 2020;Feb 13. doi:10.1177/2473011419896763
- NHS. Plantar Fasciitis. February 7, 2022. Available at: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/plantar-fasciitis/. Accessed [5th of March 2024].
- KOC TA JR., BISE CG, NEVILLE C, CARREIRA D, MARTIN RL, MCDONOUGH CM. Heel Pain – Plantar Fasciitis: Revision 2023. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2023;53(12):CPG1-CPG39. doi:10.2519/jospt.2023.0303
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Last Reviewed:
March 5, 2024
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Last Updated:
September 19, 2025
Level
Type of evidence
I
Large RCTs with clear cut results
II
Small RCTs with unclear results
III
Cohort and case-control studies
IV
Historical cohort or case-control studies
V
Case series, studies with no controls
Level of Evidence:
Preoperative: Total knee replacement
- National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Joint replacement (primary): hip, knee and shoulder. NICE guideline [NG157]. Published June 4, 2020. Accessed [5th of Feb 2024]. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng157
- Aggarwal A, Adie S, Harris IA, Naylor J. Cryotherapy following total knee replacement. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2023, Issue 9. Art. No.: CD007911. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007911.pub3.
- NHS. Preparing for a knee replacement. NHS. Published March 9, 2023. Accessed [15th of Jan 2024]. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/knee-replacement/preparation/
- NHS. Complications of a knee replacement. NHS. Published March 9, 2023. Accessed [15th of Jan 2024]. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/knee-replacement/complications/
- Wei B, Tang C, Li X, et al. Enhanced recovery after surgery protocols in total knee arthroplasty via midvastus approach: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2021;22(1):856. Published 2021 Oct 8. doi:10.1186/s12891-021-04731-6
- Soffin EM, YaDeau JT. Enhanced recovery after surgery for primary hip and knee arthroplasty: a review of the evidence. Br J Anaesth. 2016;117(suppl 3):iii62-iii72. doi:10.1093/bja/aew362
- Seward MW, Chen AF. Obesity, preoperative weight loss, and telemedicine before total joint arthroplasty: a review. Arthroplasty. 2022;4(1):2. doi:10.1186/s42836-021-00102-7
- Dowsey MM, Choong PF. Obesity is a major risk factor for prosthetic infection after primary hip arthroplasty. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2008;466(1):153-158. doi:10.1007/s11999-007-0016-3
- Liljensøe A, Laursen JO, Bliddal H, Søballe K, Mechlenburg I. Weight Loss Intervention Before Total Knee Replacement: A 12-Month Randomized Controlled Trial. Scand J Surg. 2021;110(1):3-12. doi:10.1177/1457496919883812
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Last Reviewed:
March 19, 2024
|
Last Updated:
September 19, 2025
Level
Type of evidence
I
Large RCTs with clear cut results
II
Small RCTs with unclear results
III
Cohort and case-control studies
IV
Historical cohort or case-control studies
V
Case series, studies with no controls
Level of Evidence:
Olecranon bursitis
- Williams CH, Jamal Z, Sternard BT. Bursitis. [Updated 2023 Jul 24]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-.
- Clinical Management of Olecranon Bursitis: A Review Volume 46, Issue 6p501-506June 2021 Nzuekoh N. Nchinda, BA, Jennifer Moriatis Wolf, MD, PhD
- Blackwell JR, Hay BA, Bolt AM, Hay SM. Olecranon bursitis: a systematic overview. Shoulder Elbow. 2014 Jul;6(3):182-90. doi: 10.1177/1758573214532787. Epub 2014 May 6. PMID: 27582935; PMCID: PMC4935058.
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Last Reviewed:
December 16, 2024
|
Last Updated:
September 19, 2025
Level
Type of evidence
I
Large RCTs with clear cut results
II
Small RCTs with unclear results
III
Cohort and case-control studies
IV
Historical cohort or case-control studies
V
Case series, studies with no controls
Level of Evidence:
Load management
- Scott A, Docking S, Vicenzino B, Alfredson H, Murphy RJ, Zwerver J. "Management of tendinopathy: is there a role for injections?" 2016.
- Andres BM, Murrell GA. "Exercise-induced tendinopathy: a review of the literature" 2008.
- DiFiori JP, Benjamin HJ, Brenner JS, Gregory A, Jayanthi N, Landry GL, Luke A. "Overuse injuries and burnout in youth sports: a position statement from the American Medical Society for Sports Medicine" 2014.
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Last Reviewed:
July 16, 2024
|
Last Updated:
September 19, 2025
Level
Type of evidence
I
Large RCTs with clear cut results
II
Small RCTs with unclear results
III
Cohort and case-control studies
IV
Historical cohort or case-control studies
V
Case series, studies with no controls
Level of Evidence:
