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References

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What to expect after a total knee replacement

  • Wei B, Tang C, Li X, et al. Enhanced recovery after surgery protocols in total knee arthroplasty via midvastus approach: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2021;22(1):856. Published 2021 Oct 8. doi:10.1186/s12891-021-04731-6
  • Soffin EM, YaDeau JT. Enhanced recovery after surgery for primary hip and knee arthroplasty: a review of the evidence. Br J Anaesth. 2016;117(suppl 3):iii62-iii72. doi:10.1093/bja/aew362
  • Aggarwal A, Adie S, Harris IA, Naylor J. Cryotherapy following total knee replacement. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2023;(9):CD007911. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007911.pub3

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Last Reviewed:

March 19, 2024

|

Last Updated:

March 19, 2024

Level

Type of evidence

I

Large RCTs with clear cut results

II

Small RCTs with unclear results

III

Cohort and case-control studies

IV

Historical cohort or case-control studies

V

Case series, studies with no controls

Level of Evidence:

What to expect after a total hip replacement

  • Wei B, Tang C, Li X, et al. Enhanced recovery after surgery protocols in total knee arthroplasty via midvastus approach: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2021;22(1):856. Published 2021 Oct 8. doi:10.1186/s12891-021-04731-6
  • Soffin EM, YaDeau JT. Enhanced recovery after surgery for primary hip and knee arthroplasty: a review of the evidence. Br J Anaesth. 2016;117(suppl 3):iii62-iii72. doi:10.1093/bja/aew362
  • Aggarwal A, Adie S, Harris IA, Naylor J. Cryotherapy following total knee replacement. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2023;(9):CD007911. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007911.pub3
  • Machin JT, et al. An Analysis of a National Administrative Dataset Demonstrating No Evidence of Increase in Elective Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty Dislocation Rates When Postoperative Hip Precautions are Not Used. J Arthroplasty. 2022;37(12):2365-2373. doi:10.1016/j.arth.2022.05.040.
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Last Reviewed:

March 19, 2024

|

Last Updated:

March 19, 2024

Level

Type of evidence

I

Large RCTs with clear cut results

II

Small RCTs with unclear results

III

Cohort and case-control studies

IV

Historical cohort or case-control studies

V

Case series, studies with no controls

Level of Evidence:

What to expect after a total shoulder replacement

  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Joint replacement (primary): hip, knee and shoulder. NICE guideline [NG157]. Published June 4, 2020. Accessed [5th of Feb 2024]. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng157
  • Eichinger JK, Galvin JW. Management of complications after total shoulder arthroplasty. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2015;8(1):83-91. doi:10.1007/s12178-014-9251-x
  • Lewis T, Garg S. Shoulder Replacement. James Paget University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; February 2021. Accessed [5th of Feb 2024]. https://www.jpaget.nhs.uk/media/552943/Shoulder-Replacement.pdf
  • Coxa Hospital. Patient Guide: Shoulder Arthroplasty. Published November 20, 2018. Accessed [5th  of Feb 2024]. [https://www.coxa.fi/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Coxa_Olkapääopas-20-11-2018_SUOMI.pdf]
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Last Reviewed:

March 19, 2024

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Last Updated:

March 19, 2024

Level

Type of evidence

I

Large RCTs with clear cut results

II

Small RCTs with unclear results

III

Cohort and case-control studies

IV

Historical cohort or case-control studies

V

Case series, studies with no controls

Level of Evidence:

Sciatica

  • Low back pain. Current Care Guidelines. Working group set up by the Finnish Medical Society Duodecim and the Finnish Association of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. Helsinki: The Finnish Medical Society Duodecim; 2017. Accessed [January 31, 2024].  Available online at: www.kaypahoito.fi
  • Furlong B et al. Patient education materials for non-specific low back pain and sciatica: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. 2022;17(10):e0274527. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0274527
  • Lee J et al. Low back and radicular pain: a pathway for care developed by the British Pain Society. Br J Anaesth. 2013;111(1):112-120. doi:10.1093/bja/aet172
  • Konstantinou K et al. Prognosis of sciatica and back-related leg pain in primary care: the ATLAS cohort. Spine J. 2018;18(6):1030-1040. doi:10.1016/j.spinee.2017.10.071
  • Dahm KT et al. Advice to rest in bed versus advice to stay active for acute low-back pain and sciatica. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;(6):CD007612. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007612.pub2
  • Dove L et al. How effective are physiotherapy interventions in treating people with sciatica? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Spine J. 2023;32:517–533. doi:10.1007/s00586-022-07356-y
  • Fernandez MM et al. Advice to Stay Active or Structured Exercise in the Management of Sciatica A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Spine. 2015;40(18):1457-1466. doi:10.1097/BRS.0000000000001036
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Low back pain and sciatica in over 16s: assessment and management. NICE Guideline [NG59]. Published November 30, 2016. Last updated December 11, 2020. Accessed [January 31, 2024]. Available online at: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng59
  • Suri P et al. Recurrence of Pain After Usual Nonoperative Care for Symptomatic Lumbar Disk Herniation: Analysis of Data From the Spine Patient Outcomes Research Trial. PM R. 2016;8(5):405-414. doi:10.1016/j.pmrj.2015.10.016
  • Lewis RA et al. Comparative clinical effectiveness of management strategies for sciatica: systematic review and network meta-analyses. Spine J. 2015;15(6):1461-1477. doi:10.1016/j.spinee.2013.08.049
  • Bastos RM et al. Treatment-based classification for low back pain: systematic review with meta-analysis. J Man Manip Ther. 2022;30(4):207–227. doi:10.1080/10669817.2021.2024677
  • Ogollah R et al. Determining One-Year Trajectories of Low-Back-Related Leg Pain in Primary Care Patients: Growth Mixture Modeling of a Prospective Cohort Study. Arthritis Care Res. 2018;70(12):DOI:10.1002/acr.23556
  • Ostelo RWJG. Physiotherapy management of sciatica. J Physiother. 2020;66(2):83-88. DOI: 1[0.1016/j.jphys.2020.03.005]
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Last Reviewed:

March 15, 2024

|

Last Updated:

March 15, 2024

Level

Type of evidence

I

Large RCTs with clear cut results

II

Small RCTs with unclear results

III

Cohort and case-control studies

IV

Historical cohort or case-control studies

V

Case series, studies with no controls

Level of Evidence: