Educational Articles -
References
Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE)
- Ferreira SS, Krinski K, Alves RC, Benites ML, Redkva PE, Elsangedy HM, Buzzachera CF, Souza-Junior TP, da Silva SG. The Use of Session RPE to Monitor the Intensity of Weight Training in Older Women: Acute Responses to Eccentric, Concentric, and Dynamic Exercises. J Aging Res. 2014;2014:749317. doi: 10.1155/2014/749317. Epub 2014 Apr 13. PMID: 24834354; PMCID: PMC4009156.
- Coratella, G. Appropriate Reporting of Exercise Variables in Resistance Training Protocols: Much more than Load and Number of Repetitions. Sports Med - Open8, 99 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-022-00492-1
- Prudêncio, D.A., Maffulli, N., Migliorini, F. et al. Eccentric exercise is more effective than other exercises in the treatment of mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 15, 9 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-023-00618-2
- Hollander DB, Durand RJ, Trynicki JL, Larock D, Castracane VD, Hebert EP, Kraemer RR. RPE, pain, and physiological adjustment to concentric and eccentric contractions. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003 Jun;35(6):1017-25. doi: 10.1249/01.MSS.0000069749.13258.4E. PMID: 12783051.
- Lum D, Comfort P, Barbosa TM, Balasekaran G. Comparing the effects of plyometric and isometric strength training on dynamic and isometric force-time characteristics. Biol Sport. 2022;39(1):189–197.
Last Reviewed:
May 13, 2025
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Last Updated:
September 19, 2025
Level
Type of evidence
I
Large RCTs with clear cut results
II
Small RCTs with unclear results
III
Cohort and case-control studies
IV
Historical cohort or case-control studies
V
Case series, studies with no controls
Level of Evidence:
Stroop Test
- Parris, B.A., Hasshim, N., Wadsley, M. et al. The loci of Stroop effects: a critical review of methods and evidence for levels of processing contributing to color-word Stroop effects and the implications for the loci of attentional selection. Psychological Research 86, 1029–1053 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-021-01554-x
- Scarpina Federica, Tagini Sofia, The Stroop Color and Word Test. Frontiers in Psychology. Volume 8 - 2017. https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00557 (DOI=10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00557. ISSN=1664-107)
Last Reviewed:
May 7, 2025
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Last Updated:
September 19, 2025
Level
Type of evidence
I
Large RCTs with clear cut results
II
Small RCTs with unclear results
III
Cohort and case-control studies
IV
Historical cohort or case-control studies
V
Case series, studies with no controls
Level of Evidence:
Acute vs. chronic pain
- Zeidan F, Vago DR. Mindfulness meditation-based pain relief: a mechanistic account. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2016 Jun;1373(1):114-27. doi: 10.1111/nyas.13153. PMID: 27398643; PMCID: PMC4941786.
- https://www.canr.msu.edu/news/the-many-benefits-of-mindful-body-scan-meditations?utm_source=chatgpt.com
- Lara Hilton, Susanne Hempel, Brett A. Ewing, Eric Apaydin, Lea Xenakis, Sydne Newberry, Ben Colaiaco, Alicia Ruelaz Maher, Roberta M. Shanman, Melony E. Sorbero, Margaret A. Maglione, Mindfulness Meditation for Chronic Pain: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis, Annals of Behavioral Medicine, Volume 51, Issue 2, April 2017, Pages 199–213, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-016-9844-2
- Keren Reiner, Lee Tibi, Joshua D. Lipsitz, Do Mindfulness-Based Interventions Reduce Pain Intensity? A Critical Review of the Literature, Pain Medicine, Volume 14, Issue 2, February 2013, Pages 230–242, https://doi.org/10.1111/pme.12006
- Ussher, M., Spatz, A., Copland, C. et al. Immediate effects of a brief mindfulness-based body scan on patients with chronic pain. J Behav Med 37, 127–134 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-012-9466-5
Last Reviewed:
December 19, 2024
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Last Updated:
September 19, 2025
Level
Type of evidence
I
Large RCTs with clear cut results
II
Small RCTs with unclear results
III
Cohort and case-control studies
IV
Historical cohort or case-control studies
V
Case series, studies with no controls
Level of Evidence:
Why Pilates is worth trying
- Caldwell K, Harrison M, Adams M, Triplett NT. Effect ofPilates and taiji quan training on self-efficacy, sleep quality,mood, and physical performance of college students. Jour-nal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies. 2009; 13(2):155-63.
- Curi Pérez VS, Haas AN, Wolff SS. Analysis of activities inthe daily lives of older adults exposed to the Pilates Meth-od. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies. 2014;18(3):326-31.
- Golpaygani M, Mahdavi S, Moradi L. [The effects of apilates training program on the function and pain of pa-tients with disc herniation with lumbosciatalgia (Persian)].Journal of Exercise Science and Medicine. 2013; 5(1):41-53.
- Rahimi D, et al. Effect of Pilates Exercises on the Function of Women With Lower Crossed Syndrome. PTJ. 2022; 12(4):269-278.
Last Reviewed:
August 27, 2024
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Last Updated:
September 19, 2025
Level
Type of evidence
I
Large RCTs with clear cut results
II
Small RCTs with unclear results
III
Cohort and case-control studies
IV
Historical cohort or case-control studies
V
Case series, studies with no controls
Level of Evidence:
