Educational Articles -
References
Meniscal tear
- Cong T, Reddy RP, Hall AJ, Ernazarov A, Gladstone J. Current Practices for Rehabilitation After Meniscus Repair: A Survey of Members of the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine. 2024;12(2). doi:10.1177/23259671231226134.
- Surgery versus Physical Therapy for a Meniscal Tear and Osteoarthritis - Jeffrey N. Katz, M.D., Robert H. Brophy, M.D., Christine E. Chaisson, M.P.H., Leigh de Chaves, P.T., O.C.S., Brian J. Cole, M.D., M.B.A., Diane L. Dahm, M.D., Laurel A. Donnell-Fink, M.P.H., +21, and Elena Losina, Ph.D.Author Info & Affiliations
- Risk Factors for Meniscal Tears: A Systematic Review Including Meta-analysis. Barbara A.M. Snoeker, MSc1, Eric W.P. Bakker, PhD1, Cornelia A.T. Kegel, PhD2, Cees Lucas, PhD1. **Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. Published Online:June 1, 2013. Volume 43, Issue 6 (Pages 352-367) https://www.jospt.org/doi/10.2519/jospt.2013.4295**
- Bhan K. Meniscal Tears: Current Understanding, Diagnosis, and Management. Cureus. 2020 Jun 13;12(6):e8590. doi: 10.7759/cureus.8590. PMID: 32676231; PMCID: PMC7359983.
- Damodar D, Plotsker E, Greif D, Rizzo MG, Baraga MG, Kaplan LD. The 50 Most Cited Articles in Meniscal Injury Research. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine. 2021;9(4). doi:10.1177/2325967121994909
Last Reviewed:
December 16, 2024
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Last Updated:
September 19, 2025
Level
Type of evidence
I
Large RCTs with clear cut results
II
Small RCTs with unclear results
III
Cohort and case-control studies
IV
Historical cohort or case-control studies
V
Case series, studies with no controls
Level of Evidence:
ACJ injury
- Lindborg, C.M.; Smith, R.D.; Reihl, A.M.; Bacevich, B.M.; Cote, M.; O’Donnell, E.; Mazzocca, A.D.; Hutchinson, I. Current Concepts in Management of Acromioclavicular Joint Injury. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 1413. https://doi.org/10.3390/ jcm13051413
- LeVasseur MR, Mancini MR, Berthold DP, Cusano A, McCann GP, Cote MP, Gomlinski G, Mazzocca AD. Acromioclavicular Joint Injuries: Effective Rehabilitation. Open Access J Sports Med. 2021 May 28;12:73-85. doi: 10.2147/OAJSM.S244283. PMID: 34093044; PMCID: PMC8169819.
- de Groot C, Verstift DE, Heisen J, van Deurzen DFP, van den Bekerom MPJ. Management of Acromioclavicular Injuries - Current Concepts. Orthop Res Rev. 2023 Feb 16;15:1-12. doi: 10.2147/ORR.S340531. PMID: 36814992; PMCID: PMC9940602.
Last Reviewed:
December 19, 2024
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Last Updated:
September 19, 2025
Level
Type of evidence
I
Large RCTs with clear cut results
II
Small RCTs with unclear results
III
Cohort and case-control studies
IV
Historical cohort or case-control studies
V
Case series, studies with no controls
Level of Evidence:
Management of energy levels after COVID-19
- P. Stavem, J. Ghanima, K. Olsen, M. Gilboe, and H. Einvik. "Post-COVID-19 syndrome: the persistent symptoms at 6 and 12 months" 2021.
- M. Taylor, S. Elhassan, A. Fitzsimons, D. Barber, and K. McCarthy. "Managing long COVID fatigue: Insights from a study of patients' experiences" 2021.
- S. Shepherd and B. Shepherd. "Post-viral fatigue syndrome: a review" 2020.
Last Reviewed:
July 16, 2024
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Last Updated:
September 19, 2025
Level
Type of evidence
I
Large RCTs with clear cut results
II
Small RCTs with unclear results
III
Cohort and case-control studies
IV
Historical cohort or case-control studies
V
Case series, studies with no controls
Level of Evidence:
Mirror therapy - before you start practicing mirror therapy
- Holm Thieme, Nadine Morkisch, Jan Mehrholz, Marcus Pohl, Johann Behrens, Bernhard Borgetto, Christian Dohle. Mirror therapy for improving motor function after stroke. Version published: 11 July 2018, https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD008449.pub3
- Moseley GL, Gallace A, Spence C. Is mirror therapy all it is cracked up to be? Current evidence and future directions. PAIN. 2008;138(1):7–10. DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2008.06.0263. Reflections on mirror therapy: a systematic review of the effect of mirror visual feedback on the brain. Frederik J A Deconinck, Ana R P Smorenburg, Alex Benham, Annick Ledebt, Max G Feltham, Geert J P Savelsbergh. DOI: 10.1177/1545968314546134
- Rothgangel AS, Braun SM. (2013). Mirror therapy: Practical protocol for stroke rehabilitation. Munich: Pflaum Verlag. doi: 10.12855/ar.sb.mirrortherapy.e2013
- Priscilla G. WittkopfMark I. Johnson. Mirror therapy: A potential intervention for pain management. Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. 63 (11), Nov 2017, https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.63.11.1000
Last Reviewed:
July 16, 2024
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Last Updated:
September 19, 2025
Level
Type of evidence
I
Large RCTs with clear cut results
II
Small RCTs with unclear results
III
Cohort and case-control studies
IV
Historical cohort or case-control studies
V
Case series, studies with no controls
Level of Evidence:
