Educational Articles -
References
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Falls prevention - Understanding and reducing the risks of falling
- Montero-Odasso M, van der Velde N, Martin FC, et al. World guidelines for falls prevention and management for older adults: a global initiative [published correction appears in Age Ageing. 2023 Sep 1;52(9):] [published correction appears in Age Ageing. 2023 Oct 2;52(10):]. Age Ageing. 2022;51(9):afac205. doi:10.1093/ageing/afac205
- Palvanen M, Kannus P, Piirtola M, Niemi S, Parkkari J, Järvinen M. Effectiveness of the Chaos Falls Clinic in preventing falls and injuries of home-dwelling older adults: a randomised controlled trial. Injury. 2014;45(1):265-271. doi:10.1016/j.injury.2013.03.010
- Ambrose AF, Paul G, Hausdorff JM. Risk factors for falls among older adults: a review of the literature. Maturitas. 2013;75(1):51-61. doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2013.02.009
- MacKay S, Ebert P, Harbidge C, Hogan DB. Fear of Falling in Older Adults: A Scoping Review of Recent Literature. Can Geriatr J. 2021;24(4):379-394. Published 2021 Dec 1. doi:10.5770/cgj.24.521
- Physiotherapy clinical practice guideline for falls prevention (in Finnish) [Kaatumisten ja kaatumisvammojen ehkäisyn fysioterapiasuositus., Hyvä fysioterapiakäytäntö] . Finnish Association of Physiotherapists working group: Havulinna S et al. 2017. Available: https://www.terveysportti.fi/apps/dtk/sfs/article/sfs00003?toc=900.
- Sherrington C, Fairhall NJ, Wallbank GK, et al. Exercise for preventing falls in older people living in the community. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019;1(1):CD012424. Published 2019 Jan 31. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD012424.pub2
- World Health Organization. WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020. Accessed October 15, 2023. Available from: **https://www.who.int/publications-detail-redirect/9789240015128**.
- Campani D, Caristia S, Amariglio A, et al. Home and environmental hazards modification for fall prevention among the elderly. Public Health Nurs. 2021;38(3):493-501. doi:10.1111/phn.12852
- Menant JC, Steele JR, Menz HB, Munro BJ, Lord SR. Optimizing footwear for older people at risk of falls. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2008;45(8):1167-1181.
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Last Reviewed:
November 29, 2023
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Last Updated:
September 19, 2025
Level
Type of evidence
I
Large RCTs with clear cut results
II
Small RCTs with unclear results
III
Cohort and case-control studies
IV
Historical cohort or case-control studies
V
Case series, studies with no controls
Level of Evidence:
